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Colon polyps types description and their progression to malignancy



  • Type : Hyperplastic polyp 


Description
Sawtooth glandular epithelium with proliferation of globet and columnar epithelial cells

Progression to Malignancy
No
  • Type: Tubular adenoma


Description
Pedunculated

Progression to Malignancy
Low (4%)




  • Type : Tubulovillous adenoma


Description
Combines both

Progression to Malignancy
Intermediated



  • Type : Villous adenoma


Description
Sessile

Progression to Malignancy
High (30%)


  • Type : Famililal Adenomatous Polyposis


Description
Autosomal Dominant Thousands of Colonic adenomatous polyps

Progression to Malignancy
100% (by 40 year)




  • Type : Gardner syndrome


Description
Autosomal Dominant Associated with desmoid tumors

Progression to Malignancy
~ 100%




  • Type : Turcot Syndrome


Description
Associated with CNS tumors(gliomas)

Progression to Malignancy
Highly


  • Type : Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome


Description
Autosomal Dominant Hamartomas. Melanin Pigmentation of the buccal mucosa

Progression to Malignancy
No



Figure : Colonic adenocarcinoma of cecum


  • Colon Cancer 


HNPCC (lynch Syndrome)

  • Autosomal Dominant
  • Mutation of DNA nucleotide mismatch repair gene
  • Increased risk of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma



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